{"id":120889,"date":"2021-03-30T08:21:49","date_gmt":"2021-03-30T06:21:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.pariszigzag.fr\/?p=120889"},"modified":"2022-11-16T12:41:59","modified_gmt":"2022-11-16T11:41:59","slug":"le-prefet-haussmann-lhomme-qui-a-change-le-visage-de-paris","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.pariszigzag.fr\/insolite\/histoire-insolite-paris\/le-prefet-haussmann-lhomme-qui-a-change-le-visage-de-paris\/","title":{"rendered":"Portrait d&rsquo;Haussmann : l&rsquo;homme qui a chang\u00e9 le visage de Paris"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u00c0\u00a0quoi ressemblerait Paris sans ce parisien hors du commun ? En effet, c&rsquo;est \u00e0 lui que nous devons les<strong> transformations de la capitale<\/strong> sous le Second Empire,\u00a0et notamment <a href=\"https:\/\/www.pariszigzag.fr\/visite\/le-paris-dhaussmann\/\">les immeubles haussmanniens<\/a> qui font partie de notre paysage quotidien. Son travail, bien que souvent controvers\u00e9, a <strong>marqu\u00e9 Paris<\/strong> \u00e0 tout jamais ! Portrait de l&rsquo;homme qui a chang\u00e9 le visage de la capitale.<\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"color: #000080;\">Une jeunesse classique dans une famille de la petite noblesse<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>C&rsquo;est au 53 rue du Faubourg-du-Roule que na\u00eet <strong>Georges-Eug\u00e8ne Haussmann\u00a0<\/strong>le 27 mars 1809, dans une famille ais\u00e9e. Son p\u00e8re est intendant militaire de Napol\u00e9on Ier et son grand-p\u00e8re commissaire aux arm\u00e9es. \u00c9tudiant au tr\u00e8s bon <strong>lyc\u00e9e Condorcet<\/strong>, il suit ensuite un cursus de droit. Il est nomm\u00e9 sous-pr\u00e9fet dans plusieurs villes de France avant de devenir, \u00e0 l&rsquo;\u00e2ge de 44 ans, <strong>pr\u00e9fet de la Seine<\/strong> (d\u00e9partement de Paris). Mais ce n&rsquo;est pas forc\u00e9ment un cadeau ! Car en ce milieu de XIXe si\u00e8cle, la capitale ressemble encore \u00e0 une <a href=\"https:\/\/www.pariszigzag.fr\/insolite\/histoire-insolite-paris\/paris-moyen-age\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><strong>ville moyen\u00e2geuse<\/strong><\/a>, aux ruelles \u00e9troites, sombres et insalubres&#8230;<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_77380\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-77380\" style=\"width: 561px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-77380\" src=\"https:\/\/www.pariszigzag.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/04\/Capture-d\u2019e\u0301cran-2018-04-23-a\u0300-15.41.40.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"561\" height=\"347\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.pariszigzag.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/04\/Capture-d\u2019e\u0301cran-2018-04-23-a\u0300-15.41.40.png 561w, https:\/\/www.pariszigzag.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/04\/Capture-d\u2019e\u0301cran-2018-04-23-a\u0300-15.41.40-485x300.png 485w, https:\/\/www.pariszigzag.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/04\/Capture-d\u2019e\u0301cran-2018-04-23-a\u0300-15.41.40-200x123.png 200w, https:\/\/www.pariszigzag.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/04\/Capture-d\u2019e\u0301cran-2018-04-23-a\u0300-15.41.40-220x136.png 220w, https:\/\/www.pariszigzag.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/04\/Capture-d\u2019e\u0301cran-2018-04-23-a\u0300-15.41.40-120x74.png 120w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 561px) 100vw, 561px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-77380\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><em>Haussmann en 1860<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u00ab\u00a0Paris embellie, Paris agrandie, Paris assainie\u00a0\u00bb<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Lors d&rsquo;un voyage \u00e0 Londres, l&#8217;empereur <strong>Napol\u00e9on III<\/strong> est tr\u00e8s impressionn\u00e9 par l&rsquo;urbanisme de la ville.\u00a0\u00c0 son retour, il confie \u00e0 Haussmann la mission d&#8217;embellir, d&rsquo;agrandir et d&rsquo;assainir Paris. Pour ce faire, le pr\u00e9fet ne va pas y aller par quatre chemins : il perce de <strong>larges avenues<\/strong>, des grands boulevards et \u00e9tablit des <a href=\"https:\/\/www.pariszigzag.fr\/insolite\/histoire-insolite-paris\/architecture-immeuble-haussmannien\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">r\u00e8gles pour les immeubles<\/a> afin qu&rsquo;ils soient uniformis\u00e9s. Il cr\u00e9\u00e9 un square par quartier,\u00a0fait am\u00e9nager des dizaines de parcs, jardins, bois, construit de <a title=\"Le nouveau visage de l\u2019\u00e9glise Saint-Augustin\" href=\"https:\/\/www.pariszigzag.fr\/insolite\/lieux-insolites\/le-nouveau-visage-de-leglise-saint-augustin\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">nouvelles \u00e9glises<\/a>, mais aussi des ponts, des th\u00e9\u00e2tres et des gares ! Il agrandit la ville, qui passe alors <a href=\"https:\/\/www.pariszigzag.fr\/insolite\/histoire-insolite-paris\/anciens-villages-integre-paris\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">de 12 \u00e0 <strong>20 arrondissements<\/strong><\/a>.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_86237\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-86237\" style=\"width: 800px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-86237\" src=\"https:\/\/www.pariszigzag.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/paris-zigzag-haussmann-expo1-e1544901510465.png\" alt=\"paris zigzag haussmann expo\" width=\"800\" height=\"316\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.pariszigzag.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/paris-zigzag-haussmann-expo1-e1544901510465.png 800w, https:\/\/www.pariszigzag.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/paris-zigzag-haussmann-expo1-e1544901510465-700x277.png 700w, https:\/\/www.pariszigzag.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/paris-zigzag-haussmann-expo1-e1544901510465-768x303.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-86237\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><em>Paris Avant &#8211; Paris Apr\u00e8s Haussmann<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2><span style=\"color: #000080;\">Un chantier qui fait pol\u00e9mique<br \/>\n<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Ce <strong>travail titanesque<\/strong> a toujours \u00e9t\u00e9 <strong>controvers\u00e9<\/strong> au vu des m\u00e9thodes employ\u00e9es pour arriver \u00e0 ce r\u00e9sultat incroyable <a href=\"https:\/\/www.pariszigzag.fr\/insolite\/histoire-insolite-paris\/les-17-annees-qui-ont-profondement-transforme-paris-2\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">en seulement 17 ans<\/a>. Car, pour modifier ainsi Paris, Haussmann n&rsquo;a pas h\u00e9sit\u00e9 \u00e0 <strong>d\u00e9truire<\/strong> de nombreuses habitations (pr\u00e8s de 18 000 maisons) et espaces qui g\u00eanaient ses travaux&#8230;\u00a0<strong>excluant les classes populaires<\/strong> qui devaient, d\u00e9j\u00e0 \u00e0 l&rsquo;\u00e9poque, fuir le centre devenu inabordable. Haussmann\u00a0sera finalement\u00a0<strong>destitu\u00e9<\/strong>\u00a0en 1870, quelques mois avant la chute de Napol\u00e9on III et du Second Empire. Il se retire \u00e0 Bordeaux, puis en Corse, avant de revenir \u00e0 Paris o\u00f9 il d\u00e9c\u00e8de le <strong>11 janvier 1891<\/strong>\u00a0et repose depuis au <a href=\"https:\/\/www.pariszigzag.fr\/sortir-paris\/balade-paris\/belles-tombes-pere-lachaise\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">cimeti\u00e8re du P\u00e8re Lachaise<\/a>. Pour en savoir plus sur le Paris d&rsquo;Haussmann, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.pariszigzag.fr\/visite\/le-paris-dhaussmann\/\"><strong>suivez notre prochaine visite guid\u00e9e insolite sur ce th\u00e8me<\/strong> <\/a>!<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_120891\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-120891\" style=\"width: 720px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-120891\" src=\"https:\/\/www.pariszigzag.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/division-4-haussmann-lachaise.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"720\" height=\"1080\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.pariszigzag.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/division-4-haussmann-lachaise.jpg 720w, https:\/\/www.pariszigzag.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/division-4-haussmann-lachaise-200x300.jpg 200w, https:\/\/www.pariszigzag.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/division-4-haussmann-lachaise-683x1024.jpg 683w, https:\/\/www.pariszigzag.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/division-4-haussmann-lachaise-333x500.jpg 333w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-120891\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><em>Chapelle de la famille Haussmann dans la division 4 du P\u00e8re Lachaise.<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><strong>\u00c0 lire \u00e9galement :<\/strong> <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pariszigzag.fr\/insolite\/histoire-insolite-paris\/eugene-poubelle-ou-linvention-de-la-boite-a-ordures\/\">Eug\u00e8ne Poubelle ou l&rsquo;invention de la bo\u00eete \u00e0 ordures<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><strong>MAJ 11\/22 AC<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00c0\u00a0quoi ressemblerait Paris sans ce parisien hors du commun ? En effet, c&rsquo;est \u00e0 lui que nous devons les transformations de la capitale sous le Second Empire,\u00a0et notamment les immeubles haussmanniens qui font partie de notre paysage quotidien. Son travail, bien que souvent controvers\u00e9, a marqu\u00e9 Paris \u00e0 tout jamais ! Portrait de l&rsquo;homme qui [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":25,"featured_media":52767,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_seopress_titles_title":"Portrait d&#039;Haussmann : l&#039;homme qui a chang\u00e9 le visage de Paris","_seopress_titles_desc":"\u00c0 quoi ressemblerait Paris sans ce parisien hors du commun ?","_seopress_robots_index":"","_seopress_robots_follow":"","_seopress_robots_imageindex":"","_seopress_robots_snippet":"","_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"5","_seopress_robots_breadcrumbs":"","_seopress_robots_freeze_modified_date":"","_seopress_robots_custom_modified_date":"","_seopress_robots_canonical":"","_seopress_social_fb_title":"","_seopress_social_fb_desc":"","_seopress_social_fb_img":"","_seopress_social_fb_img_attachment_id":0,"_seopress_social_fb_img_width":0,"_seopress_social_fb_img_height":0,"_seopress_social_twitter_title":"","_seopress_social_twitter_desc":"","_seopress_social_twitter_img":"","_seopress_social_twitter_img_attachment_id":0,"_seopress_social_twitter_img_width":0,"_seopress_social_twitter_img_height":0,"_seopress_redirections_value":"","_seopress_redirections_enabled":"","_seopress_redirections_enabled_regex":"","_seopress_redirections_logged_status":"","_seopress_redirections_param":"","_seopress_redirections_type":0,"_seopress_analysis_target_kw":"","_seopress_news_disabled":"","_seopress_video_disabled":"","_seopress_video":[],"_seopress_pro_schemas_manual":[],"_seopress_pro_rich_snippets_disable_all":"","_seopress_pro_rich_snippets_disable":[],"_seopress_pro_schemas":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[1190,5],"tags":[1603,1602,1604],"class_list":["post-120889","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-insolite","category-histoire-insolite-paris","tag-baron-haussmann","tag-immeubles-haussmanniens","tag-paris-haussmannien"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pariszigzag.fr\/api\/wp\/v2\/posts\/120889","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pariszigzag.fr\/api\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pariszigzag.fr\/api\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pariszigzag.fr\/api\/wp\/v2\/users\/25"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pariszigzag.fr\/api\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=120889"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.pariszigzag.fr\/api\/wp\/v2\/posts\/120889\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pariszigzag.fr\/api\/wp\/v2\/media\/52767"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pariszigzag.fr\/api\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=120889"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pariszigzag.fr\/api\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=120889"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pariszigzag.fr\/api\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=120889"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}